Terje Mikael Hasle Joranger

• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle (2025). Migrasjon, nettverk og dannelsen av norske utopiske samfunn i USA i 1850-årene. Tidsskrift for kulturforskning. ISSN 1502-7473. 24(1), s. 47–65. doi: https:/ojs.novus.no/index.php/TFK/article/view/2449. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Five hundred years ago, Thomas More published Utopia, a book that illustrated theperfect society and which has become a strong force in Western culture. It reflectedthe existence of radical ideas of social reform based on the principles of millennialhopes for heavenly paradise. From the seventeenth century on America became apoint of attraction for several groups, religious and secular, who wanted to establishideal societies on the new continent. There they could cultivate their beliefs basedon their worldview. During the antebellum period Norwegian immigrants also wereinvolved in the establishment of religious and secular communal communities basedon utopian worldviews. This is a presentation of premises behind the creation of two Norwegian settlements outside the general pattern of Norwegian immigration.These include the establishment of the Ephraim congregation established byNorwegian Moravians in Ephraim, Door County, Wisconsin and the Oleana colonyin Potter County, Pennsylvania in 1850 and 1852, respectively. In this study thedevelopment of the two communities will be discussed, both with roots in Europethat were transplanted to American soil in various manners. Oleana was based onsecular principles established by renowned violinist Ole Bull and based on hisinfluence from communal utopians. The settlement in Ephraim, on the other hand,was originally founded by Hans Otto Tank and based on the religious teachings ofthe pietistic Moravian Church.

• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle (2024). Creating a Sense of Place: Norwegian Ethnicization in the Pacific Northwest, 1870–1960. Norwegian-American Studies: The Journal of the Norwegian-American Historical Association. ISSN 0078-1983. 42, s. 55–72. doi: 10.1353/nor.2024.a943157. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The article discusses the symbols and myths in a process of translocal transplantation and spatial orientation in Poulsbo and Puget Island, Washington, from the late nineteenth century until 1960. Formerly inhabited by Indigenous nations, Norwegian immigrants migrating from the Upper Midwest and Norway formed settlements in these places in the last decades of the nineteenth century. Observers in the twentieth century linked the cultural development of the two settlement areas to double landscapes: namely, the character-building of the population in the rugged landscape in sending regions in Norway and the hardships that their descendants encountered in the communities in America.

• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle (2023). Land-taking and Community Building in Wisconsin, 1846–1860. I Kaveh, Chalak; Tafjord, Harald Endre & Teige, Ola (Red.), Kontaktsoner og grenseområder: Interaksjon, konflikt og samarbeid i Norden, Midtøsten og Midtvesten ca. 1520–2020. Cappelen Damm Akademisk. ISSN 9788202801144. s. 211–229. doi: 10.23865/noasp.206. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle (2023). Norskamerikaneres møte med Norsk utvandrermuseum - transkulturelle forhandlinger om identitet. I Nielsen, Sigurd Solhaug & Skrefsrud, Thor Andre (Red.), Folkemuseene i mangfoldige samfunn – publikums erfaringer av forskjellighet og tilhørighet. Oplandske Bokforlag. ISSN 9788275182843. s. 29–57. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Folkemuseene i Norge ble til i en tid preget av nasjonsbygging og kulturell homogenisering. Hvilken rolle spiller folkemuseene i et moderne og sammensatt samfunn? Hvordan tilpasser folkemuseene seg et stadig mer mangfoldig publikum? Hvilke dimensjoner av mangfold erfarer de besøkende i folkemuseene? «Folkemuseene i mangfoldige samfunn – publikums erfaringer av forskjellighet og tilhørighet» ønsker å stimulere til en fordypet og fornyet faglig samtale om hva folkemuseene kan være i dag og hvordan de oppleves av publikum. Boka henvender seg til museumsansatte, forskere, lærere, lærerstudenter og andre som interesserer seg for mangfoldstematikk. Kapitlene er skrevet av en rekke fagfolk ved ulike museer i Norge, i tillegg til fagpersoner fra universitet- og høgskolesektoren. Redaktører for boka er førstekonservator Sigurd Solhaug Nielsen, Anno museum, og professor Thor-André Skrefsrud, Høgskolen i Innlandet.

• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle (2021). Ideal Immigrants? Ethnic Community Building among Norwegian-Americans in the Nineteenth Century. I Sverdljuk, Jana; Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle; Jackson, Erika & Kivisto, Peter (Red.), Nordic Whiteness and Migration to the USA. A Historical Exploration of Identity. Routledge. ISSN 9780367277185. s. 119–133. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  This volume explores the complex and contradictory ways in which the cultural, scientific and political myth of whiteness has influenced identities, self-perceptions and the process of integration of Nordic immigrants into multicultural and racially segregated American society in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. In deploying central insights from whiteness studies, postcolonial feminist and intersectionality theories, it shows that Nordic immigrants - Danes, Swedes, Finns, Norwegians and Sámi - contributed to and challenged American racism and white identity. A diverse group of immigrants, they could proclaim themselves ‘hyper-white’ and ‘better citizens than anybody else’, including Anglo-Saxons, thus taking for granted the racial bias of American citizenship and ownership rights, yet there were also various, unexpected intersections of whiteness with ethnicity, regional belonging, gender, sexuality, and political views. ‘Nordic whiteness’, then, was not a monolithic notion in the USA and could be challenged by other identities, which could even turn white Nordic immigrants into marginalised figures. A fascinating study of whiteness and identity among white migrants in the USA, Nordic Whiteness will appeal to scholars of sociology, history and anthropology with interests in Scandinavian studies, migration and diaspora studies and American studies.

• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle (2020). Those Distant Wars: Norwegian-American Attitudes toward Poles and Finns, 1939-40. Norwegian-American Studies: The Journal of the Norwegian-American Historical Association. ISSN 0078-1983. 38, s. 15–51. doi: 10.5749/norwamerstud.38.0015. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle (2019). The creation of a Norwegian-American identity in the USA. Journal of Migration History. ISSN 2351-9916. 5(3), s. 489–511. doi: 10.1163/23519924-00503004. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle (2016). Migration, regionalism, and the ethnic other, 1840-1870. American Studies in Scandinavia. ISSN 0044-8060. 48(2), s. 33–58. doi: 10.22439/asca.v48i2.5451. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle (2011). MULTIPLE IDENTITIES? ETHNIC IDENTITY FORMATION AMONG NORWEGIAN IMMIGRANTS IN THE USA 1850-1900. Speculum Boreale, Skriftserie Institutt for historie, Universitetet i Tromsø. ISSN 1503-1241. 14, s. 78–88. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The focus of this presentation is ethnicity and ethnic identity formation among Norwegian rural immigrants in the USA between 1850 and 1900. How did Norwegian immigrants arriving from a rather ethnically homogeneous society develop a separate ethnicity in the multicultural society of the United States, and to what factors can we attribute this development?

• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle (2010). Identity among Norwegian immigrants in America. Historisk tidsskrift. ISSN 0018-263X. 89(2), s. 223–+. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle (2010). Lokale eller nasjonale kollektive identiteter? Etnifisering og identitetsbygging blant norske immigranter i Amerika. Historisk tidsskrift. ISSN 0018-263X. 89(2), s. 223–223. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  I perioden 1825 til 1930 emigrerte mer enn 850 000 personer fra Norge til USA. De fleste slo seg ned i rurale strøk preget av et tett bosetningsmønster med den lutherske kirken som en sentral tradisjonsbærer, men mange bosatte seg også i de amerikanske storbyene hvor de deltok i et blomstrende etnisk foreningsliv hvor klasseskiller spilte en større rolle enn på landsbygda. Forfatteren drøfter i denne artikkelen hvorvidt norske immigranter i USA overførte en lokal eller en nasjonal kollektiv identitet fra sitt gamle til sitt nye hjemland i tiårene rundt 1900. Hovedkonklusjonen er at forhold i Norge og i USA fremmet utviklingen av en komplementær identitet blant immigrantene som omfattet både en nasjonal amerikansk og en etnisk norsk lokal og nasjonal identitet.

• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle (2009). A Historiographical Perspective on the Social History of Immigration to and Ethnicity in the United States. Swedish-American Historical Quarterly. ISSN 0730-028X. 60(1), s. 5–24. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The incorporation of a large number of foreign-born into American society and the relationship between nation and subgroup have been persistent themes in American history due to the recurring waves of mass immigration to the United States. This article focuses upon the emergence of historical investigation into these themes as a scholarly discipline from the early twentieth century down to the present

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• Sverdljuk, Jana; Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle; Jackson, Erika & Kivisto, Peter (2021). Nordic Whiteness and Migration to the USA. A Historical Exploration of Identity. Routledge. ISBN 9780367277185. 208 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  This volume explores the complex and contradictory ways in which the cultural, scientific and political myth of whiteness has influenced identities, self-perceptions and the process of integration of Nordic immigrants into multicultural and racially segregated American society in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. In deploying central insights from whiteness studies, postcolonial feminist and intersectionality theories, it shows that Nordic immigrants - Danes, Swedes, Finns, Norwegians and Sámi - contributed to and challenged American racism and white identity. A diverse group of immigrants, they could proclaim themselves ‘hyper-white’ and ‘better citizens than anybody else’, including Anglo-Saxons, thus taking for granted the racial bias of American citizenship and ownership rights, yet there were also various, unexpected intersections of whiteness with ethnicity, regional belonging, gender, sexuality, and political views. ‘Nordic whiteness’, then, was not a monolithic notion in the USA and could be challenged by other identities, which could even turn white Nordic immigrants into marginalised figures. A fascinating study of whiteness and identity among white migrants in the USA, Nordic Whiteness will appeal to scholars of sociology, history and anthropology with interests in Scandinavian studies, migration and diaspora studies and American studies.

• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle & Cleven, Harry T. (2020). Norwegian-American essays 2020 : Migration minorities and freedom of religion. Novus Forlag. ISBN 9788283900514. 293 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle & Cleven, Harry T. (2017). Norwegian-American Essays 2017. Novus Forlag. ISBN 9788270998791. 321 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle & Cleven, Harry T. (2014). Norwegian-American Essays 2014 : "Migrant Journeys: The Norwegian-American Experience in a Multicultural Context". Novus Forlag. ISBN 9788270997589. 331 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle (2026). De Zee Ploeg og norske utopiske samfunn i Amerika. doi: https:/anmsky-my.sharepoint.com/:p:/r/personal/terje_mikael_hasle_joranger_annomuseum_no/Documents/Terje/Forskning/NC-RoA%20Utopian%20communities/2026/Herdla%20Sept%2020%202026/De%20Zee%20Ploeg%20og%20norske%20utopiske%20samfunn%20i.pptx?d=wbc9753d5458a4d629621a3829d2cd333&csf=1&web=1&e=bVsW5Y. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Foredrag om det hollandske skipet De Zee Ploeg som strandet utenfor Bergen med 500 tyske emigranter i 1817, åtte år før det første norske organiserte utvandrerfølget dro. Satt i sammenheng med to utopiske samfunn, et religiøst - herrnhuterkolonien Ephraim i Wisconsin og et sekulært - Oleana i Pennsylvania, USA.

• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle; Reeve, Paul; Gonzales, David-James & Haanes, Vidar Leif (2025). Race, Religion, and European Immigration to the US. doi: https:/kennedy.byu.edu/cafe-europa-race-religion-and-european-immigration-to-the-us-2025-11-19. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Rundebordsdiskusjon om rase, religion og europeisk innvandring til USA

• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle (2025). Keynoteforedrag Religion, Ethnicity, and Place: Norwegian Cultural Identity Formation in the Intermountain West ved symposiet Crossings and Crossroads: Norwegian Immigrants, The Intermountain West, and Beyond Symposium. doi: https:/anmsky-my.sharepoint.com/:w:/r/personal/terje_mikael_hasle_joranger_annomuseum_no/Documents/Terje/Forskning/Utah/Joranger%20Keynote%20BYU%20Nov%2019%202025%20FINAL.docx?d=w32d7ceb54cb34d06978b913701881fe6&csf=1&web=1&e=DB4e1d. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle; Lahlum, Lori Ann; Lovoll, Odd S.; Okkenhaug, Inger Marie; Sackrison, Caitlin & Peterson, Anna M. (2025). A Roundtable Discussion of the State of the Field of Norwegian-American Studies. Norwegian-American Studies: The Journal of the Norwegian-American Historical Association. ISSN 0078-1983. 43, s. 8–18. doi: 10.1353/nor.2025.a973498. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Frydenlund, Bård & Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle (2025). Demokratisamtale i Rikssalen. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Samtale om utvandring og demokratiutvikling på begge sider av Atlanteren.

• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle (2025). Transatlantic Crossings: Nordic Experiences of Emigration and Democracy (1825−1945). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  This session examines the close and increasing transnational and transatlantic contact and exchange, through networks, organizations, correspondence, and publications that played an important role in debates at home, both regarding democratic impulses and emigration as such. By applying a transnational Nordic approach, the volume aims both to transgress the often-employed nation-state model and to reappraise the interconnected processes of migration and democratic developments, facilitated by the upsurge of transatlantic crossing and connections.

• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle (2025). Utopias and Worldmaking Processes Among Norwegian Immigrants in the United States, 1850-1860. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Five hundred years ago, Thomas More published Utopia, a book that illustrated the perfect society and which has become a strong force in Western culture. It reflected the existence of radical ideas of social reform based on the principles of millennial hopes for heavenly paradise. From the seventeenth century on America became a point of attraction for several groups, religious and secular, who wanted to establish ideal societies on the new continent. There they could cultivate their beliefs based on their worldview. During the antebellum period Norwegian immigrants also were involved in the establishment of religious and secular communal colonies based on utopian worldviews. In my presentation I will make a presentation of factors influencing the settlement of the Oleana colony in Potter County, Pennsylvania and in Ephraim, Door County, Wisconsin in 1852 and 1853, respectively. I will also discuss the development of the two communities, both with roots in Europe that were transplanted to American soil. Both also that diverged from the regular pattern of Norwegian settlement formation. Oleana was based on secular principles established by renowned violinist Ole Bull and based on his liberal influence from the revolutions in Europe in 1848. The settlement in Ephraim, on the other hand, was originally founded by Hans Otto Tank and based on the religious teachings of the Moravian Church founded by Jan Hus in the mid-fifteenth century.

• Sverdljuk, Jana; Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle; Jackson, Erika & Kivisto, Peter (2021). Introduction: Whiteness in Nordic Immigrants’ Identity Formation. I Sverdljuk, Jana; Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle; Jackson, Erika & Kivisto, Peter (Red.), Nordic Whiteness and Migration to the USA. A Historical Exploration of Identity. Routledge. ISSN 9780367277185. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  This volume explores the complex and contradictory ways in which the cultural, scientific and political myth of whiteness has influenced identities, self-perceptions and the process of integration of Nordic immigrants into multicultural and racially segregated American society in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. In deploying central insights from whiteness studies, postcolonial feminist and intersectionality theories, it shows that Nordic immigrants - Danes, Swedes, Finns, Norwegians and Sámi - contributed to and challenged American racism and white identity. A diverse group of immigrants, they could proclaim themselves ‘hyper-white’ and ‘better citizens than anybody else’, including Anglo-Saxons, thus taking for granted the racial bias of American citizenship and ownership rights, yet there were also various, unexpected intersections of whiteness with ethnicity, regional belonging, gender, sexuality, and political views. ‘Nordic whiteness’, then, was not a monolithic notion in the USA and could be challenged by other identities, which could even turn white Nordic immigrants into marginalised figures. A fascinating study of whiteness and identity among white migrants in the USA, Nordic Whiteness will appeal to scholars of sociology, history and anthropology with interests in Scandinavian studies, migration and diaspora studies and American studies.

• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle (2021). Transnasjonale USA-migranter: Nasjonsbyggere på to kontinenter. I Frydenlund, Bård; Hamre, Torleif Rosager & Avelin, Andre Larsen (Red.), Transatlantiske forbindelser. Norsk-amerikanske relasjoner gjennom 200 år. Scandinavian Academic Press. ISSN 9788230402764. s. 15–42. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Massao, Prisca Bruno; Andersen, Camilla Eline; Fylkesnes, Sandra; Vibeto, Håvard Andreas; Klausen, Siri Wieberg & Haug, Inger Mokkelbost [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Det er på høy tid å forske på rase og rasisme i lærerutdanningene, Søberg. Nettavisen. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  https://www.nettavisen.no/norsk-debatt/det-er-pa-hoy-tid-a-forske-pa-rase-og-rasisme-i-larerutdanningene-soberg/o/5-95-286058

• Joranger, Terje Mikael Hasle (2008). The Migration of Tradition? A Study on the Transfer of Traditions Tied to Intergenerational Land Transfers among Emigrants from the Valdres region, Norway to the Upper Midwest and their Descendants for Three Generations, 1850-1980. Universitetet i Oslo. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Between 1825 and 1930 about 800,000 people emigrated from Norway to the United States of whom the majority settled the agricultural areas of the upper Midwest. Joranger in his dissertation focuses on the relationship between land and family in migration-linked rural communities in Norway and the United States. He discusses the extent to which old Norwegian customs in transferring land were retained among Norwegian emigrants in America and their offspring for three generations exemplified by the Valdres region in Norway and two settlements in Wisconsin and Minnesota. The institutions include the allodial right (odelsrett), the åsetesrett (the rights of impartibility and primogeniture), and the tradition of føderåd or kår (whereby the former owner transfers the farm to the new owner in exchange for life support). The study discusses how cultural traits connected to ethnicity and intergenerational land transfers were reproduced in a process of cultural change in a new society. This change resulted from the tension between a cultural assimilation in the host society and a cultural retention tied to continuity with a homeland past. Joranger asserts that the three institutions were in part transferred to America as ideals and retained due to their strength, large ethnic clusterings, and because they had a function in a rural context in American society. Yet outside pressures for cultural change in the host society and a more liberal legal system altered traditions over the course of several generations. Through a process of continuing negotiation in a multicultural host society between Norwegian immigrants and the dominant ethnic culture, Norwegian cultural traditions were reformulated in their new environment. Norwegian immigrants and their descendants through a gradual process developed a culture that can neither be termed Norwegian nor American but rather must be understood on its own premises as distinctly Norwegian-American.

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