WEBVTT

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So what exactly is qualitative data?

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It is data and information that is
gathered in the research process that

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describes qualities or characteristics.

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It's often expressed in natural language
in textual or visual form,

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rather than in numerical form.

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It can include observations, field notes,
photographs, audio recordings, videos,

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interviews, diary accounts, etc.

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Qualitative data often contains personal
or confidential information,

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which we'll talk more about in Part 2 of
this course.

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Why is it important to share research
data?

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By sharing,
you're abiding by the principles of open

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science,
which involve making both research

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results and research data openly
available,

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or at least as open as possible.

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Sharing data reduces the time and cost of
collecting data and is thereby an

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efficient use of public funds.

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Sharing enhances the visibility of
existing research and increases the

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transparency of the scientific process.

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It also reduces the burden of
participants who are contacted by

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multiple researchers with similar goals.

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Most research data that is deposited in
repositories is quantitative data.

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Many researchers are unsure whether
they're qualitative data can be made

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openly available and how they should do
this.

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We recommend these two articles about
sharing qualitative data.

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Dubois et.al.

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and Campbell et.al.

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Dubois provides arguments for and against
sharing qualitative research data.

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Arguments FOR sharing include that the
data provide evidence for the

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researchers' assertions and conclusions.

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Secondly,
sharing enables others to perform new

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research with the existing data.

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And thirdly,
research using existing data make sense

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economically.

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Arguments AGAINST include that the
quality of the data may be lower than

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with quantitative data because it's more
subjective and context dependent.

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Secondly,
there are issues related to permission to

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share the data and the ownership of the
data.

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And thirdly,
there are issues related to

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confidentiality and potential harm when
sharing the data,

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including the protection of the
informants' privacy.

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The Campbell article discusses why many
researchers find it difficult to reuse

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others qualitative data.

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The authors argue that qualitative data
can lend themselves to reuse in some

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cases,
but possibly only for those who have a

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deep understanding of the data and their
history.

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In many cases,
the original researchers reuse their own

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previously collected data in new ways,
with new analyses.

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In the article,
the authors also recommend a method for

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anonymizing qualitative data.

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Here are some examples of open
repositories that publish qualitative

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research data.

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These repositories protect
confidentiality by anonymizing

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participants' identities before
publishing datasets.

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You can try searching for datasets here
to see what qualitative research data

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might look like.

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QualiBank is part of the UK Data Service,
which is the principal repository for

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economic,
population and social research data in

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the UK.

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Data Station Social Science and
Humanities (DANS) allows you to deposit

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and search for data within the social
sciences and humanities.

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The datasets' metadata,
which describe the data, is open,

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but researchers must apply to access the
data themselves.

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SurveyBanken, (the Surveybank),
contains research data from the social

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sciences, humanities,
and medical and health research in Norway.

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Here you can search among several
thousand questions and variables across

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different surveys going back to 1957.

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You can access the metadata from
qualitative data sets as well,

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but in order to access the actual data,
you need special permission.

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Here's an example from my own experience.

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I published research data for the
articles in my PhD research.

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In this dataset,
which include both quantitative and

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qualitative data,
namely interview transcripts,

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has been downloaded several hundred times,
which shows that others also have use for

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my data.

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So by making your measures and your data
openly available,

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you make it possible for others to
explore new aspects of your data.

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As you can see here,
this dataset contains a link to the

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article,
and the article includes a link to the

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dataset.

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Here's an example of qualitative data in
my dataset.

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This is a transcript from an interview
from my PhD research.

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The informant consented to sharing the
transcription in an open data repository.

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The transcript was anonymized before the
data was published so that the respondent

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could not be identified.

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We'll talk more about anonymization in
Part 3 of this course.

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As you can see, this file is in Norwegian,
since the interviews were in Norwegian.

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You don't need to spend time translating
such files into English,

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even though other files in your dataset
might be in English.

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Any researcher who's interested in
reading or analyzing the interview can

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translate themselves using Google
Translate or another application.

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This concludes Part 1 of the course about
sharing qualitative research data,

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where we have provided a definition of
qualitative research data,

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the advantages of sharing this data,
and provided an example of archived

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qualitative data.

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In Part 2,
we will discuss what to think about

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before collecting qualitative data.